Eczema: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Eczema is a long term skin condition that involves inflammation of the skin and results in skin rashes, itching and redness. It is non-specific and can occur at any age though more frequent in children. Clients who are suffering from this condition should be informed of the possible symptoms, causes as well as the existing treatment options so that they can be able to cope with the condition.

Knowing the signs, the reasons behind it, and the things that can be done to treat it is valuable in order to control the condition.

 

Symptoms of Eczema

Eczema symptoms can vary from person to person and may include:

Dry, sensitive skin: The areas that have been affected may appear to be dry and scaly and when touched they may feel so as well.

Itching: This is one of the major features of this dermatitis condition, and the itching may be intense and can be frequent especially at night or when exposed to certain substances. For treatment, you can consult a Dermatologist in Rawalpindi.

Red or brownish-gray patches: They may be located in such areas as the hands, feet, ankles, wrists, neck, upper chest, eyelids, inside the bend of the elbows and knees as well as the face and scalp of babies.

Thickened, cracked skin: If the skin is scratched too often, the skin becomes tough and thick and is called lichenification.

Oozing or crusting: Some of the areas of the skin may become ulcerative, that is they may develop lesions which are Wet and may form crust.

Skin discoloration: The common symptoms of eczema include skin rashes, itching, redness of the skin, weeping, and crusting of the skin and it may also cause color changes such as depigmentation or hyperpigmentation of the skin.

Causes of Eczema

The exact cause of eczema is not fully understood, but several factors contribute to its development:

 

Genetics: Hereditary factors such as family history of eczema, allergies, or asthma can put one at the risk of getting the disease.

Immune system dysfunction: Autoimmune diseases, in which the immune system is over protective, can cause inflammation of the skin and the development of eczema.

Environmental factors: Many of the factors that may cause eczema include soaps, detergents, dust mite, pet dander, and fabrics such as wool.

Allergens: Some substances such as pollen, mold, and some food products such as nuts, egg or dairy products may cause allergic reactions in people with eczema.

Weather conditions: Cold and hot temperatures, humidity, and dry air can worsen the condition.

Stress: Stress, in particular, emotional stress, may provoke the onset of new attacks or aggravate the existing ones.

Treatments for Eczema

While there is no cure for eczema, several treatments can help manage symptoms and reduce flare-ups:

Moisturizers: Using fragrance-free moisturizers can also be applied often so as to ensure that the skin does not become too dry. Ointments and creams are relatively better than lotions for this purpose.

Topical corticosteroids: Some of the over the counter medications, creams or ointments can help in decreasing the inflammation and the itching during the flare up. They have different concentrations and a doctor will be in a position to advise on the right one to use.

Topical calcineurin inhibitors: Other drugs like tacrolimus or pimecrolimus may be used on areas like the face and around the eyes to control inflammation and rash without the use of steroids.

Antihistamines: Some of the available pharmaceutical antihistamine drugs can be bought over the counter and they assist in reducing itching especially at night.

Phototherapy: It is suggested that limited amounts of UV light may be helpful for those with moderate to severe eczema that has not improved with creams and ointments.

Systemic medications: In severe situations, the patient may be prescribed oral or injectable drugs, including corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or biologics to manage inflammation.

Avoiding triggers: It is advisable to avoid the materials that may worsen the condition and other products that come into contact with the skin including cosmetics.

Bathing practices: One can also take warm baths or showers and as soon as one is done, they should apply some moisturizer in order to cover the skin. It is advised to avoid hot water and applications of harsh soaps.

Conclusion

Eczema is one of the most widespread and, at the same time, rather annoying diseases which may hinder a person’s normal functioning. Thus, knowing the signs, origins, and therapies for eczema, those who suffer from it can maintain their skin health well. Talking to a Best Skin Doctor in Lahore will assist in developing an appropriate management plan to reduce or prevent the occurrence of the symptoms.