Developmental dysplasia (DDH), a hip ailment, causes limping and limited movement, lowering quality of life. To boost children’s growth and development, early assessment and therapy are crucial.
What is Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip?
DDH is a hip ball-and-socket deformity caused by improper development. The “ball” or the femoral head may move loosely in the socket or, worse, may dislocate. Abnormal development, particularly DDH, is prevalent in girls, first babies, and those in the breech position at delivery, occurring before birth, in infancy, or early childhood.
Signs and Symptoms to Watch For
Early detection of DDH is of utmost importance. The common symptoms include:
- Asymmetrical skin folds on the thighs
- Limitation of movement in one leg
- A difference in leg lengths
Sometimes, parents may feel the clicking sound while moving the baby’s hip or that the child develops a limp once they begin walking. However, DDH is not always so apparent, so regular check-ups with the doctor are necessary.
How is DDH Diagnosed?
In Australia, physicians usually begin a routine newborn examination for DDH. The diagnosis generally includes a physical examination, whereby the doctor attempts to check hip instability using specific manoeuvres. When there is an increased risk or a physical examination raises some suspicion, confirmation may be carried out with the help of imaging tests such as ultrasound or X-rays. These examinations are extremely important in detecting DDH early, making effective treatment possible.
Treatment Options for DDH
The treatments of DDH vary based on the age and extent of the displacement. Commonly, for infants, the first intervention may include a Pavlik harness. The soft brace holds the baby’s hips in a position that allows proper joint development. If diagnosed early, this usually works quite well.
Other options include closed or open reduction surgery, which is usually performed in older children or if the harness has not been successful. These methods put the hip joint back into its normal position, where it should be able to develop correctly. A spica cast is commonly used to immobilise the hip after these surgeries. Australian orthopaedic specialists like Dr. David Slattery have extensive experience treating DDH and can advise families through advanced interventions.
The Importance of Early Detection
Early detection is the basis of effective management of DDH. If it is identified and treated early, most children do not experience any long-term problems and go on to live active, normal lives. Undiagnosed or late-diagnosed DDH can lead to chronic pain, impaired mobility, and early-onset arthritis. That is why regular health check-ups and attention to the earliest unusual symptoms are vital.
How Parents Can Support Their Child
Parents are very important in the management of DDH. Adherence to the treatment plan and not missing any medical appointments is crucial in case of a diagnosis. Also, try holding or carrying your baby so that their hips naturally spread apart. Avoid tightly swaddling the legs together, which may exacerbate hip development issues.
Early diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip is crucial for optimal outcomes, requiring awareness of symptoms and timely doctor’s advice. If you suspect any issues, consult a healthcare professional without delay – early action is the key to success.