Jaw displacement treatment is carried out using various methods such as physical therapy, splints, and surgical procedures. Initially, non-surgical, or conservative, methods are used, aiming to resolve the issue. If conservative treatments do not yield the desired result, surgery may be considered. Depending on the cause of the jaw displacement, the surgery may be performed in different ways.
Jaw displacement is a condition that occurs when the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the jaw joint, shifts from its normal position. The displacement of one or both joints leads to jaw misalignment. It can also occur due to weakened or overstretched jaw muscles. Jaw displacement treatments effectively address this issue.
What is Jaw Displacement?
Jaw displacement occurs when the lower jaw (mandible) moves out of the jaw joint or the joint loses its function. In jaw displacement, facial asymmetry is disrupted. As a result, the lower jaw may shift to one side, or the upper jaw may appear asymmetrical. This condition is treated by maxillofacial surgeons.
There are various types of jaw displacement, but the root cause is almost always related to the joints. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ), located between the lower jaw (mandible) and the upper jaw (maxilla), enables jaw movements. It plays a direct or indirect role in many functions such as chewing, speaking, swallowing, and breathing. Therefore, when symptoms arise, jaw displacement treatment should be initiated without delay.
What Causes Jaw Displacement?
There are different causes of jaw displacement. Some common causes are shown in the table below:
| Causes | Explanation |
| Trauma | TMJ disorders may occur due to trauma to the jaw. |
| Overextension | Excessive opening of the jaw creates high pressure on the TMJ, leading to jaw displacement. |
| TMJ Disorders | Jaw joint disorders are another cause, often requiring surgical intervention for treatment. |
| Bruxism | This condition, known as teeth grinding, places unnecessary and sustained pressure on the TMJ, leading to problems. |
| Joint Weakness | Joint weaknesses due to various reasons can cause jaw displacement. |
During jaw displacement treatment, the underlying cause is also addressed. Some causes directly require surgical treatment.
Symptoms of Jaw Displacement
Before treating jaw displacement, an accurate diagnosis is essential, and symptoms play a significant role in this process. Bilateral or unilateral jaw displacement symptoms are often noticeable from the outside. Commonly observed symptoms include:
- Pain in the jaw, face, and ear area, which becomes more noticeable while speaking or eating.
- Clicking or popping sounds when moving the jaw, which can be heard by the individual.
- Facial asymmetry caused by the displacement of the upper or lower jaw. This asymmetry can be noticed when looking in the mirror or from the outside.
- Swelling around the jaw joint.
The symptoms vary depending on the cause of the problem. After diagnosis based on these symptoms, appropriate jaw displacement treatments aim to eliminate these symptoms entirely.
How is Jaw Displacement Treated?
There are several approaches to treating jaw displacement. One of the significant options is jaw surgery, but it is not the only option. Below are the details of the treatment methods used:
Manual Reduction
This method is used for patients who experience jaw displacement for the first time. Initially, imaging techniques are used to ensure there is no structural issue with the joint. Muscle relaxants are then administered to relax the area. Finally, the specialist carefully repositioned the jaw. Manual reduction is preferred for acute jaw displacements. However, it should not be used for chronic TMJ displacements.
Splint Treatment
This is a conservative treatment method and is used for cases with frequent recurrences. It is one of the first treatment options for patients with bruxism or similar conditions. The splint prevents unnecessary pressure on the jaw joint, facilitating joint rest. In this treatment, patients wear custom dental splints at specified intervals.
Physical Therapy
Physical therapy is a method used for patients who frequently experience jaw displacement. Weakened muscles and joint components are strengthened through physical therapy, which significantly reduces the risk of jaw displacement. This treatment should be performed under the guidance of specialists, and it may not be suitable for every case.
Medication
Medication is another option for treating jaw displacement. Pain relievers are prescribed to reduce pain associated with the condition. Muscle relaxants are used to relax and relieve tension in the muscles around the jaw. Medication is used for mild cases and to improve the patient’s quality of life.
Surgical Intervention
Surgical intervention is one of the most effective methods for treating jaw displacement. These procedures, which require advanced expertise, may involve either single or double jaw surgeries. The appropriate surgery is chosen based on the patient’s condition. In surgery, TMJ disorders are corrected, and the problem is permanently resolved.
For Your Interest: Double Jaw Surgery Before And After
Frequently Asked Questions About Jaw Displacement Treatment
Here are some frequently asked questions and answers about jaw displacement treatment:
What Are the Symptoms of Lower Jaw Displacement?
Pain in the TMJ area and ear, difficulty in movement, swelling, and facial asymmetry are the main symptoms. These symptoms can vary among patients.
How is Jaw Displacement Treated?
Manual reduction, physical therapy, and medication are the first-line treatment options. If these are ineffective, surgical methods are applied.
Is There Treatment for Lower Jaw Displacement to the Right?
There are different approaches to treating this condition. Simple issues are addressed with non-surgical methods, but for displacements caused by significant joint problems, surgical procedures are required.
Are Jaw Displacement Exercises Effective?
Exercises recommended by a doctor can be effective for treating jaw displacement. However, they are only helpful for mild cases. Severe joint problems may require surgical intervention.
How Much Does Jaw Displacement Treatment Cost?
The cost of jaw displacement treatment varies depending on the scope of the treatment. For exact pricing, it’s best to consult with the doctor or hospital performing the treatment.